Dr. Debbie Saslow, PhD, Director of Breast and
Gynecologic Cancer at the American Cancer Society. So get moving. A brisk
30-minute walk five days a week can reduce breast cancer risk by 18
percent, according to a study of more than 74,000 women ages 50 to 79.
Eat Good Fats
High levels of polyunsaturated fat and saturated fat
have been linked to breast cancer, so limit these fats in your diet. Opt
for more monounsaturated fat, such as olive and canola oils. A study in
Sweden of more than 61,000 women between the ages of 40 and 76 showed that
consuming an additional 10 grams of monounsaturated fat reduces breast
cancer risk by an estimated 45 percent. On the other hand, the study also
showed that every extra 5 grams of polyunsaturated fat consumed, increased
breast cancer risk by 69 percent. Breast cancer rates are low among women
in Spain, Greece, and Italy, and the fact that people in these countries
use olive oil as their primary source of fat undoubtedly is a factor in
this beneficial result.
Eat Fruits and Vegetables
Carotenoids are powerful antioxidants that protect
against cancer, and these are found in a wide variety of fruits and
vegetables. Researchers at New York University compared blood samples from
270 women who subsequently developed breast cancer to samples taken from
270 women who did not. They found that women with the lowest levels of
carotenoids had twice the risk of breast cancer as found in those with the
highest levels. Try to eat five to nine servings (one-half- to one cup)
daily of fruit and vegetables, especially carrots, tomatoes, watermelon,
and spinach.
Add Flaxseed to Your Diet
These seeds are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which
support cardiovascular health as well as lowering the risk of all types of
cancer. Flaxseed also contains high levels of a compound called lignans
that may reduce estrogen activity in the body. Studies on rats show that
lignans actually shrink breast tumors. To eat flaxseed, sprinkle two to
three tablespoons of ground flaxseed on your cereal, add to smoothies, or
use flaxseed oil in salad dressing.
Learn to Like Soy
Women in Asia have one-fifth the breast cancer rate of
Western women. Scientists believe that the reason is their soy-rich diet.
A Japanese study showed that women who ate three or more bowls of miso
soup (made with fermented soybeans), reduced their risk by 50 percent over
those who had less. Soy foods contain phytoestrogens, compounds that are
weak forms of estrogen and may protect against breast cancer. Add one to
two servings of soy foods daily to your diet - a cup of soy milk, a half
cup of tofu, tempeh, or soy nuts.
Limit Alcohol Intake
Alcohol intake is linked to increased levels of
estrogen which fuels cancer. It is recommended that if you drink alcohol
occasionally, take 400 micrograms of daily folic acid (the amount found in
most multivitamins). A Mayo Clinic study showed that women with the lowest
folate (folic acid occurring in fruits and vegetables) intake who drank
even a small amount of alcohol daily -- even half a drink -- had a 59
percent increased risk of breast cancer, but a high intake of folate
cancelled out the increased risk among moderate drinkers. How folate
reduces the risk is not clear, but experts agree that most Americans are
not getting enough.
Quit Smoking
Studies show that the younger women are when they first
start smoking, the greater their risk of developing breast cancer before
menopause. Other studies suggest that women with a family history of
breast and ovarian cancer may increase their risk if they smoke. Also
current and past smokers who develop breast cancer are twice as likely to
get an aggressive form of the disease that is not estrogen-dependent.
Similar risk applies with second-hand smoke.
Limit Use of Antibiotics
New evidence suggests that the more often you take
antibiotics, the higher your breast cancer risk. A study of more than
10,000 women revealed that the risk of breast cancer is doubled among
those who took antibiotics for more than 500 cumulative days (the
equivalent of about 25 prescriptions) over an average of 17 years compared
with women who never took antibiotics. Researchers caution, however, that
other factors, such as underlying illness, weakened immune system, or
hormonal imbalance, could account for the increased risk.
Opt to Breast-Feed
Not only is it good for your infant, but lactation also
suppresses ovulation and the production of estrogen. Researchers compared
the birth rates and breast-feeding practices among women in developed
countries with women in developing nations in Asia and Africa and found
that the breast cancer risk in developed countries could be cut in half if
women had as many babies and breast-fed each child for an average of 30
months per child as women in developing countries. Breast-feeding alone
would reduce the risk by two-thirds. They also found that for each year a
woman breast-feeds, her breast cancer risk dropped 4 percent.